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List of countries in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index

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The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare. It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed, a developing or an under-developed country, and also to measure the impact of economic policies on quality of life. Countries fall into four broad categories based on their HDI: very high, high, medium, and low human development. Currently, no Oceanian country falls into the low human development category while Afghanistan, Pakistan and Yemen are the only Asian countries which fall into this category.

The index was developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq[1] and Indian economist Amartya Sen.[2]

The table below presents the latest Human Development Index (HDI)[3] for countries in Asia and the Pacific as included in a Development report of united nations development programme released on 13 March 2024 and based on data collected in 2022.[4]

Countries with contiguous boundaries that are partially (but not entirely) located in Asia are shown here in italics, but HDI figures are given for the whole country. Macau, North Korea, and Taiwan in Asia, are not ranked as they are not included in the latest report by the United Nations Development Programme.

List of countries in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index
Rank Nation Human Development
Index (HDI)
Region World HDI 2022 HDI 2021 Change in HDI Value (2021-2022)
Very High Human Development
1 4  Hong Kong, China (SAR)[note 1] 0.956 0.959 Decrease 0.003
2 9  Singapore 0.949 0.942 Increase 0.007
3 12  Australia 0.946 0.949 Decrease 0.003
4 16  New Zealand 0.939 0.936 Increase 0.003
5 19  United Arab Emirates 0.937 0.931 Increase 0.006
5 19  South Korea 0.929 0.926 Increase 0.003
6 24  Japan 0.920 0.920 Steady
7 25  Israel 0.915 0.911 Increase 0.004
8 29  Cyprus[note 2] 0.907 0.901 Increase 0.006
9 34  Bahrain 0.888 0.884 Increase 0.004
10 40  Qatar 0.875 0.864 Increase 0.011
10 40  Saudi Arabia 0.875 0.867 Increase 0.008
11 45  Turkey[note 3] 0.855 0.841 Increase 0.014
12 49  Kuwait 0.849 0.838 Increase 0.011
13 55  Brunei 0.823 0.824 Decrease 0.001
14 56  Russia[note 4] 0.821 0.818 Increase 0.003
15 59  Oman 0.819 0.810 Increase 0.009
16 60  Georgia[note 5] 0.814 0.809 Increase 0.005
17 63  Malaysia 0.807 0.798 Increase 0.009
18 66  Thailand 0.803 0.797 Increase 0.006
19 67  Kazakhstan[note 6] 0.802 0.801 Increase 0.001
High Human Development
20 71  Palau 0.797 0.802 Decrease 0.005
21 75  China[note 7] 0.788 0.785 Increase 0.003
22 76  Armenia[note 8] 0.786 0.774 Increase 0.012
23 80  Iran 0.780 0.776 Increase 0.004
23 80  Sri Lanka 0.780 0.783 Decrease 0.003
25 87  Maldives 0.762 0.753 Increase 0.009
26 89  Azerbaijan[note 9] 0.760 0.738 Increase 0.022
27 94  Turkmenistan 0.744 0.740 Increase 0.004
28 96  Mongolia 0.741 0.730 Increase 0.011
29 98  Tonga 0.739 0.738 Increase 0.001
30 99  Jordan 0.736 0.736 Steady
31 102  Marshall Islands 0.731 0.729 Increase 0.002
32 104  Fiji 0.729 0.715 Increase 0.014
33 105  Egypt[note 10] 0.728 0.726 Increase 0.002
34 106  Uzbekistan 0.727 0.721 Increase 0.006
35 107  Vietnam 0.726 0.718 Increase 0.008
36 109  Lebanon 0.723 0.725 Decrease 0.002
37 111  Palestine 0.716 0.715 Increase 0.001
38 112  Indonesia[note 11] 0.713 0.707 Increase 0.006
39 113  Philippines 0.710 0.692 Increase 0.018
40 116  Samoa 0.702 0.708 Decrease 0.006
41 117  Kyrgyzstan 0.701 0.696 Increase 0.005
Medium Human Development
42 122  Nauru 0.696 0.693 Increase 0.003
43 125  Bhutan 0.681 0.677 Increase 0.004
44 126  Tajikistan 0.679 0.677 Increase 0.002
45 128  Iraq 0.673 0.667 Increase 0.006
46 129  Bangladesh 0.670 0.662 Increase 0.008
47 131  Tuvalu 0.653 0.653 Steady
48 134  India 0.644 0.633 Increase 0.011
49 135  Micronesia 0.634 0.634 Steady
50 137  Kiribati 0.628 0.627 Increase 0.001
51 139  Laos 0.620 0.615 Increase 0.005
52 140  Vanuatu 0.614 0.614 Steady
53 144  Myanmar 0.608 0.599 Increase 0.009
54 146    Nepal 0.601 0.591 Increase 0.010
55 148  Cambodia 0.600 0.596 Increase 0.004
56 154  Papua New Guinea 0.568 0.564 Increase 0.004
57 155  Timor Leste 0.566 0.574 Decrease 0.008
58 156  Solomon Islands 0.562 0.564 Decrease 0.002
59 157  Syria 0.557 0.558 Decrease 0.001
Low Human Development
60 164  Pakistan 0.540 0.537 Increase 0.003
61 182  Afghanistan 0.462 0.473 Decrease 0.011
62 186  Yemen 0.424 0.425 Decrease 0.001

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.
  2. ^ Cyprus is geographically a part of Western Asia (or the Middle East), though politically and culturally it is often considered as being a part of Europe.
  3. ^ A portion of Turkey, known as East Thrace, is a part of Europe, making up about 3% of the country's land area and 14% of its population.
  4. ^ Russia is geographically a transcontinental country, though culturally and politically it is often considered as being a part of Europe. Asian Russia consists of over 75% of the country's territory, but only 22% of its population.
  5. ^ The municipality of Kazbegi is located in Europe, which makes up about 0.1% of Georgia's population.
  6. ^ Two regions of Kazakhstan, namely Atyrau and West Kazakhstan, are partly located in Europe.
  7. ^ Data for China are calculated for mainland China only, excluding Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao.
  8. ^ Armenia is geographically a part of Western Asia (or the Middle East), though culturally and politically it is often considered as being a part of Europe.
  9. ^ The districts of Khachmaz, Quba, Qusar, Shabran, and Siazan are geographically in Europe, placing about 5% of Azerbaijan's population in Europe.
  10. ^ The portion of Egypt located in Asia is the Sinai Region, comprising about 6% of the country's landmass. However, the country is politically a part of Africa.
  11. ^ The Aru Islands and Western New Guinea are geographically in Oceania, comprising approx. 22% of Indonesia's landmass and 2% of its population. However, the country is politically a part of Asia.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "History of the Human Development Report". United Nations Development Programme. Archived from the original on 3 April 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  2. ^ "The Human Development concept". UNDP. 2010. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  3. ^ "Table 1: Human Development Index and its components".
  4. ^ "Human Development Report 2023". Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme. Archived from [ttps://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf the original] (PDF) on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
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